中国稻米

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低温下不同香稻品种苗期的形态生理响应

  1. 1 华南农业大学农学院,广州 510642;2 农业农村部华南地区作物栽培科学观测实验站,广州 510642;3 广东省丝苗香米科技创新中心,广州 510642;4 珠海市现代农业发展中心,广东 珠海 519075
  • 出版日期:2019-03-20 发布日期:2019-03-20
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(31601244,31271646);广州市科技计划项目(201707010413)

Morphological and Physiological Response of Seedlings of Different Fragrant Rice Genotype to Low Temperature

  • Online:2019-03-20 Published:2019-03-20

摘要:

对不同香稻品种苗期的耐冷性进行初步鉴定和评价,以筛选出耐冷性较强的香稻品种,为香稻苗期的低温伤害机理提供依据。以超级常规香稻玉香油占为对照,研究了低温对7个常规香稻品种(巴斯马蒂、桂香占、农香18、湘晚籼13、象牙香占、中香1号、美香占2号)苗期的幼苗素质、幼苗光合生理特性、幼苗叶片叶绿素荧光、幼苗抗氧化酶活性及丙二醛含量等生理指标的影响。结果表明,桂香占、农香18、湘晚籼13、中香1号及美香占2号的成活率与对照无显著差异,而巴斯马蒂和象牙香占的成活率则比对照显著降低;香稻品种干质量增长变化幅度为14.84%~39.84%,鲜质量增长变化幅度为2.17%~28.34%,农香18、湘晚籼13及中香1号的干质量和鲜质量受低温影响较小。此外,低温处理后,株成活率较高品种幼苗在光合生理特性、荧光特性、抗氧化酶活性等方面表现出一定优势。桂香占、农香18、湘晚籼13、中香1号及美香占2号在苗期有较强的耐低温能力,而巴斯马蒂和象牙香占的耐低温能力则较差。

关键词: 香稻, 苗期, 低温, 形态生理, 光合特性, 叶绿素荧光, 抗氧化酶

Abstract:

The purpose of this study was to preliminary identify and evaluate the cold tolerance of different fragrant rice varieties at seedling stage, and to screen out the fragrant rice varieties with strong cold tolerance at seeding stage, finally to provide the basis for the hypothermia injury mechanism of fragrant rice at seedling stage. Taking super inbred fragrant rice variety Yuxiangyouzhan as control, the effects of low temperature on seedling quality, photosynthetic physiological characteristics, chlorophyll fluorescence, antioxidant enzyme activity and malondialdehyde(MDA) contents of seven inbred fragrant rice varieties (Basmati, Guixiangzhan, Nongxiang 18, Xiangwanxian 13, Xiangyaxiangzhan, Zhongxiang 1, Meixiangzhan 2) were studied. The survival rate of fragrant rice varieties Guixiangzhan, Nongxiang 18, Xiangwanxian 13, Zhongxiang 1 and Meixiangzhan 2 had no significant difference with the control, while the survival rate of Basmati and Xiangyaxiangzhan was significantly reduced. The variation range of dry weight of fragrant rice varieties was 14.84%~39.84%, and that of fresh weight was 2.17%~28.34%. With the low temperature treatment, Nongxiang 18, Xiangwanxian 13 and Zhongxiang 1 had higher survival rate than other cultivars, due to their dry weight and fresh weight were less affected. Moreover, the cultivars with higher survival rate showed some advantages in photosynthetic physiological characteristics, fluorescence characteristics and antioxidant enzyme activities. Guixiangzhan, Nongxiang 18, Xiangwanxian 13, Zhongxiang 1 and Meixiangzhan 2 showed strong low temperature resistance, while Basmati and Xiangyaxiangzhan were poor.

Key words: fragrant rice, seedling stage, low temperature, morphology and physiology, photosynthetic characteristics, chlorophyll fluorescence, antioxidant enzymes

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